Barcodes of manufacturing countries: useful information to help tourists

Why does a tourist need to know country barcodes? Well, and if not, then at least have a table at hand (in the form of a browser "bookmark"), by checking which you can quickly find out the whole truth about the country of origin of the goods online?
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Almost every country in the world is famous for some product that is produced only in it, and everything produced in other countries is nothing more than a fake, albeit licensed, and often not much different in quality. Tourists, under the influence of herd instinct and some kind of traditionalism, consider themselves obliged to bring a bottle of legendary whiskey from Scotland, a couple of cigars from Cuba, a real hookah from Turkey, etc.

But it's not that simple. Only a naive person can think that every store in Cuba sells exclusively Cuban cigars, and, for example, in Japan, every knife in the supermarket has had a hand in almost every knife made by a real samurai blacksmith. To be sure that you are buying a product made in the right country, the easiest way is to check the barcode, which in our times is present on almost any thing sold, unless they are made in a handicraft way, of course.

Decoding a barcode is not a tricky business. In the vast majority of cases, the numeric component of the barcode is 13 Arabic numerals, which corresponds to the European coding system (EAN-13). In our case, the first 2 or 3 digits are of interest, which indicate the codes of the countries of manufacture. The remaining digits are the product code, the manufacturer's company code, and a special check digit, which is the last one, and is necessary for the scanner to verify the authenticity of the product. You can check this digit yourself, but we will not bother you with complex calculation algorithms.

What if the barcode doesn't match?

Well, there are several possible options here. Firstly, the product may be manufactured in another country at a subsidiary enterprise. Secondly, the production is located abroad, where the goods are manufactured under license. Thirdly, the company is registered in another country, namely the one where the main flow of export products is directed. Fourthly, the enterprise has several founders, the main one of which is located abroad.
Fifthly... Well, fifthly, you have a counterfeit in your hands, illegally using someone else's brand and trademark, most likely having "creatively reworked" them a little (changed a couple of letters, etc.)

Barcodes of countries of origin in order of increasing prefix number